Shawn Kraut

Shawn Kraut

Office: Dept. of ECE, Campus Box 90291

Duke University

Durham, NC 27708-0291

(919) 660-5419

FAX: (919) 660-5293

Home: 43 Georgetown Court

Durham, NC 27705

(919) 382-0351

E-mail:

Web: http://www.ee.duke.edu/~kraut

OVERVIEW

Experience and interests emphasize research in solving detection and estimation problems in array processing (radar and sonar) and optics¾developing algorithms that utilize both statistics-based signal processing techniques and physics-based models of propagation and signal dynamics.

CURRENT POSITION

Sept. 1999-present

Research Associate, array signal processing and optics,

Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

References: Jeffrey L. Krolik and David J. Brady.

Research projects include:

· Lens-less interferometric optical imaging systems for simultaneous tracking of moving infrared sources, and estimation of their spectral profiles for source identification and classification.

· A recursive Bayesian target localization technique for passive sonar, that is robust with respect to uncertain knowledge of the shallow water environment, using non-parametric sequential importance sampling methods. Extension of technique for suppression of rapidly moving interference with a small number of adaptive degrees of freedom.

· Measurement-based parameter reduction for representing range-varying tropospheric refractivity profiles to be estimated with sea-surface clutter returns from a microwave radar.

· A recursive-Bayesian technique for aircraft altitude estimation that is robust with respect to unknown target and environmental parameters, using skywave over-the-horizon (OTH) radar.

EDUCATION

Ph.D. August 1999

Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder. GPA: 3.93/4.00.

Dissertation: Matched and Adaptive Subspace Detectors: Properties and Optimalities, and Statistical Analysis by a Method of Stochastic Representations.

Advisor: Louis L. Scharf, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

M.S. August 1996

Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder.

B.S. May 1993

Engineering Physics, University of Arizona. GPA: 3.96/4.00.

Sample Courses

Electrical Engineering

Digital Filtering, Detection and Estimation,

Optical Electronics, Spectrum Estimation, Noise and Random Processes,

Diffraction and Interferometry

Physics

Electromagnetics, Solid State Physics, Quantum Optics, Quantum Mechanics,

Statistical Mechanics, Classical Mechanics

APPOINTMENTS

Jan. 1997-Aug. 1999

Research Assistant, statistical signal processing,

University of Colorado, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

Reference: Louis L. Scharf.

Derived reduced-dimension decompositions of adaptive detection statistics used in airborne radar and other applications. These statistically equivalent representations simplify the analysis of detection performance in environments with unknown interference and clutter, by reducing the number of random variables from hundreds to only five, in a concise, meaningful representation. Established theoretical basis for a new adaptive statistic, “ACE,” that is robust with respect to mismatch in the training data commonly used to adaptively estimate clutter statistics.

June-Dec. 1996

Research Assistant, adaptive array and optical signal processing,

University of Colorado, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

References: Kelvin Wagner and Lloyd Griffiths.

Developed an LMS-based adaptive algorithm, BEAMTAP, for true-time-delay processing of broadband array signals with adaptive optical hardware, permitting real-time computation of a large number of adaptive weights for suppression of interference and jammers.

June 1993-May 1996

Research Assistant, photorefractive optics,

University of Colorado, Department of Physics.

Reference: Prof. Dana Z. Anderson.

Derived a compact, linear-algebraic description of the use of photorefractive media to modify the signal content of optical beams with multiple signal-modulated spatial features. Experimentally demonstrated the use of real-time holographic materials for unscrambling mixed acoustic signals, using photorefractive crystals in fiber-optic based ring resonators.

June-August 1992

Intern, electron microscopy, NSF REU program,

Arizona State University, Department of Physics.

Developed a new method of scanning transmission electron microscopy, which permits imaging of magnetic domains in thin films, using a single detector.

March-August 1991

Research Assistant, organic thin films,

University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry.

Conducted thin-film deposition and spectroscopy studies; molecular beam epitaxy.

TEACHING EXPERIENCE

Fall 1998	University of Colorado, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Instructor for ECEN 5612: Noise and Random Processes, a core course for graduate students in signal processing. Prepared lectures in probability theory, multivariate statistics, and spectrum analysis.
1999-2000	Duke University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Substitute-lecturer for courses in array processing and adaptive filtering.
1993-1994	University of Colorado, Boulder. Private tutor for students in first-year physics.
1988-1990	Learning Assistance Center, Scottsdale Community College. College Tutor for students in math, physics, English, and computer courses.

ACTIVITIES AND HONORS

Organized a weekly colloquium series of visiting speakers at the newly established Fitzpatrick Center for Photonics and Communication Systems at Duke University, Fall 2001.
Technical reviewer for the journals IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Signal Processing, Applied Physics, and IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 1997-present.
Vice-president, Society of Physics Students, University of Arizona, 1992-1993.
Stuart Saunders Memorial Scholarship in Physics, Scottsdale Community College, 1990.
Math/Science Senator, Associated Students of Scottsdale Community College, 1989-1990.

PAPERS:

Journal

S. Kraut, R.H. Anderson, and J.L. Krolik, “A generalized Karhunen-Loeve basis for efficient estimation of atmospheric refractivity using radar clutter, in review with IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

R.H. Anderson, S. Kraut, and J.L. Krolik, “Altitude estimation for over-the-horizon radar using a state-space model for multipath fading, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, September 2001.

S. Vasudevan, R.H. Anderson, J.L. Krolik, S. Kraut, and L. Ted Rogers, “Recursive Bayesian electromagnetic refractivity estimation from radar sea clutter, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, December 2001.

S. Kraut, L. L. Scharf, and L. T. McWhorter, "Adaptive subspace detectors," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 1-16, Jan. 2001.

L. L. Scharf and S. Kraut, “Geometries, invariances, and SNR interpretations of matched and adaptive subspace detectors,” Traitement du Signal, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 527-534, June 1999.

S. Kraut and L. L. Scharf, "The CFAR adaptive subspace detector is a scale-invariant GLRT," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 2538-2541, Sept. 1999.

S. Kraut, N. Nuttall, and D.Z. Anderson, "Photorefractive two-beam coupling equations with multiple spatial-temporal features: an SVD Approach," Applied Physics B, Photorefractive Materials: Properties and Applications, vol. 68, no. 5, pp. 937-945, May 1999.

G. Kriehn, A. Kiruluta, P.E.X. Silveira, S. Weaver, S. Kraut, K. Wagner, R. T. Weverka, L. Griffiths, "Optical BEAMTAP beam-forming and jammer-nulling system for broadband phased-array antennas,” Applied Optics, vol. 39., no. 2, pp. 212-230, Jan. 2000.

S. Kraut and J. M. Cowley, "A simplified mode of differential phase contrast Lorentz microscopy," Microscopy Research and Technique, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 341-345, July 1993.

Conference

S. Kraut and J. L. Krolik, “Application of Maximal Invariance to the ACE Detection Problem,” in Proc. 34^th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, Oct. 2000 (Pacific Grove, CA) (invited talk).

R.H. Anderson, S. Kraut, and J.L. Krolik, “Robust altitude estimation for over-the-horizon radar using a state-space model for multipath fading,” in Proc. 26^th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2001, May 2001 (Salt Lake City, UT).

S. Kraut and J. Krolik, “Moving target depth estimation for passive sonar, using sequential resampling techniques,” in Proc. 9^th Workshop on Adaptive Sensor Array Processing, ASAP-01, March 2001 (MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA).

S. Kraut and J. Krolik, “Optimal subspace selection for non-linear parameter estimation applied to refractivity from clutter,” in Proc. 10^th IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing, Aug. 2000 (Pocono Manor, PA).

S. Kraut, K. Harmanci, and J. Krolik, “Space-time adaptive processing for over-the horizon spread-Doppler clutter mitigation,” in Proc. 2000 IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop, SAM 2000, March 2000 (Boston, MA).

J. Gallicchio, E. Cull, S. Kraut, and D.J. Brady, “Spatio-spectral triangulation using a rotational shear interferometer,” in Proc. 2001 OSA Conference on Integrated and Computational Imaging System, ICIS 2001, October 2001 (Albuquerque, NM).

L. L. Scharf, S. Kraut, and M.L. McCloud, “A review of matched and adaptive subspace detectors,” in Proc. IEEE 2000 Adaptive Systems for Signal Processing, pp. 82-6, Oct. 2000 (Lake Louise, Alberta).

S. Kraut and L. L. Scharf, “Adaptive estimators of output SNR for random channels,” in Proc. 33^rd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, vol.2, pp. 1145-1148, Oct. 1999 (Pacific Grove, CA).

S. Kraut and L. L. Scharf, "Performance comparison of the ACE, AMF, and Kelly GLRT," in Proc. of the 7^th Workshop on Adaptive Sensor Array Processing, ASAP-99, March 1999 (MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA).

S. Kraut and L. L. Scharf, "Performance convergence of the adaptive matched filter," in Proc. 32^nd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, vol. 2, pp. 1181-1185, Nov. 1998 (Pacific Grove, CA).

S. Kraut and L. L. Scharf, "Performance evaluation of adaptive subspace detectors, based on stochastic representations," in Proc. of the 9^th Biennial European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO-98, Sept. 1998 (Rhodes, Greece).

S. Kraut and L. L. Scharf, "The CFAR adaptive subspace detector is a scale-invariant GLRT," in Proc. 9^th IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Statistical and Array Processing, pp. 57-60, Sept. 1998 (Portland, OR).

S. Kraut, L. L. Scharf, and L. T. McWhorter, "Stochastic representations for higher rank adaptive subspace detectors," in Proc. 8^th IEEE Digital Signal Processing Workshop, IEEE DSP-98, August 1998 (Bryce Canyon, UT).

S. Kraut, L. Scharf, and L. T. McWhorter, "A canonical representation for adaptive matched subspace detectors," in Proc. 31^st Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, vol. 2, pp. 1331-1335. Nov. 1997 (Pacific Grove, CA).

A.Kiruluta, G. Kriehn, P.E.X. Silveira, S. Weaver, S. Kraut, K. Wagner, D. Anderson, “Adaptive beamforming with TDI CCD based true-time-delay processing,” in Proc. SPIE, vol. 3804, pp. 62-71, July 1999 (Denver, CO).

K. H. Wagner, S. Weaver, S. Kraut, L. Griffiths, R. T. Weverka, "Broadband efficient adaptive method for true-time-delay array processing," in Proc. 1998 IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, vol. 5, pp. 289-298, March 1998 (Aspen, CO).

K. Wagner, S. Kraut, L. Griffiths, S. Weaver, R. T. Weverka, and A. W. Sarto, "Broadband and efficient adaptive method for true-time-delay array processing," in Proc. of Optics in Computing, OC97, pp. 108-110, March 1997 (Lake Tahoe, NV).

K. Wagner, S. Kraut, L. Griffiths, S. Weaver, R.T. Weverka, and A.W. Sarto, “Efficient true-time-delay adaptive-array processing,” in Proc. SPIE, vol. 2845, pp. 287-300, Aug. 1996 (Denver, CO).

CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS

“Application of Maximal Invariance to the ACE Detection Problem,” at 34^th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, Oct. 2000, Pacific Grove, CA (invited talk).

“Shallow water localization of targets in range-rate by use of sequential importance sampling,” at 142 Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, December 2001, Fort Lauderdale, FL (talk).

“Spatio-spectral triangulation using a rotational shear interferometer,” at 2001 OSA Conference on Integrated and Computational Imaging System, ICIS 2001, October 2001, Albuquerque, NM (talk).

“Robust altitude estimation for over-the-horizon radar using a state-space model for multipath fading,” at 26^th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2001, May 2001, Salt Lake City, UT (poster, with R.H. Anderson).

“Optimal subspace selection for non-linear parameter estimation applied to refractivity from clutter,” at 10^th IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing, Aug. 2000, Pocono Manor, PA (poster).

“Space-time adaptive processing for over-the horizon spread-Doppler clutter mitigation,” at 2000 IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop, SAM 2000, March 2000, Boston, MA (poster, with K. Harmanci and J.L. Krolik).

"Performance comparison of the ACE, AMF, and Kelly GLRT," at 7^th Workshop on Adaptive Sensor Array Processing, ASAP-99, March 1999, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA (talk).

"Performance convergence of the adaptive matched filter," at 32^nd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, vol. 2, pp. 1181-1185, Nov. 1998, Pacific Grove, CA (talk).

"Performance evaluation of adaptive subspace detectors, based on stochastic representations," at 9^th Biennial European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO-98, Sept. 1998, Rhodes, Greece (talk).

"The CFAR adaptive subspace detector is a scale-invariant GLRT," at 9^th IEEE Signal Processing Workshop on Statistical and Array Processing, pp. 57-60, Sept. 1998, Portland, OR (poster).

"Stochastic representations for higher rank adaptive subspace detectors," at 8^th IEEE Digital Signal Processing Workshop, IEEE DSP-98, August 1998, Bryce Canyon, UT (poster).

"A canonical representation for adaptive matched subspace detectors," at 31^st Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, vol. 2, pp. 1331-1335. Nov. 1997, Pacific Grove, CA (poster).